Technical Documents

Proposal for a new investment-led Clean Air Plan for GM with no charging Clean Air Zone.

Review of: taxis (hackney carriages and private vehicles) in GM which are in-scope for the Clean Air Plan; impacts of Covid-19 on the taxi sector; and summary of key findings, including risks or issues faced by the sector in responding to the Clean Air Plan.

Review of: coaches and minibuses in GM which are in-scope for the Clean Air Plan; impacts of Covid-19 on the coach and minibus sectors; and summary of key findings, including risks or issues faced by the sector in responding to the Clean Air Plan.

This report sets out the results of modelling carried out in Summer 2022 to forecast air quality in Greater Manchester (GM) in future years, taking into account the impacts of Covid-19 on vehicle fleet renewals and new investment in the bus fleet in GM. 

Request from Greater Manchester to pause the opening of the next phase of Clean Air Funds at the end of January 2022, to allow a joint policy review with Government on the Clean Air Plan.

Confirmation from the Government that the Greater Manchester Clean Air Zone was paused for review, and that a new legal direction would be issued requiring the achievement of compliance with legal nitrogen dioxide limits in the shortest possible time and by 2026 at the latest.

Confirmation of receiving the new legal direction and a request to agree how Government and Greater Manchester officials can work jointly to review the options for the Clean Air Plan.

This letter includes an outline proposal for a non-charging category B Clan Air Zone, based on incentives, as the way forward to clean air in Greater Manchester. There is a request for an early response from Government on the proposal with the offer to meet and discuss plans.

Response to Environment Secretary’s letter on 1 June 2022, reiterating Greater Manchester’s position for an investment-led, non-charging approach.

Confirmation, following a meeting of the Greater Manchester Air Quality Administration Committee on 17 August 2022, of the submission of the ‘Case for a new Greater Manchester Clean Air Plan’ as an approved document.

Letter from the Government requesting Greater Manchester authorities to provide additional evidence to enable further consideration of the case for an investment-led Clean Air Plan for GM with no charging Clean Air Zone.

Confirmation, following a meeting of the Greater Manchester Air Quality Administration Committee on 27 February 2023, of the submission of the report 'Approach to Address Persistent Exceedances Identified on the A58 Bolton Road, Bury' as an approved document.

The Clean Air Plan policy taking into account the outcomes of the consultation that took place in late 2020 and the assessment of the impact of COVID-19.

The Equality Impact Evidence report to support the Equalities Impact Assessment which looks at the potential for the GM Clean Air Plan to result in disproportionate or differential equality effects because of proposed policies.

GM CAP Equality Impact Assessments for each GM Local Authority following consultation. Each of the Greater Manchester Local Authorities have developed a specific report for their particular district, highlighting equality differences in comparison to GM-wider findings.

GM CAP Equality Impact Assessments for each GM Local Authority following consultation. Each of the Greater Manchester Local Authorities have developed a specific report for their particular district, highlighting equality differences in comparison to GM-wider findings.

GM CAP Equality Impact Assessments for each GM Local Authority following consultation. Each of the Greater Manchester Local Authorities have developed a specific report for their particular district, highlighting equality differences in comparison to GM-wider findings.

GM CAP Equality Impact Assessments for each GM Local Authority following consultation. Each of the Greater Manchester Local Authorities have developed a specific report for their particular district, highlighting equality differences in comparison to GM-wider findings.

GM CAP Equality Impact Assessments for each GM Local Authority following consultation. Each of the Greater Manchester Local Authorities have developed a specific report for their particular district, highlighting equality differences in comparison to GM-wider findings.

A list of stakeholders who responded to the Clean Air Plan consultation between 8 October 2020 and 3 December 2020.

Considers the impacts of the pandemic on GM and reviews the potential and actual impacts of COVID-19 on the GM CAP.

This document sets out GM’s proposed approach to developing assumptions based on appropriate emerging evidence and projections of the Covid recovery.

Considers the economic implications of the CAP for GM before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

This document sets out how the GM Clean Air Plan proposals meet the requirements of the Ministerial Direction from March 2020.

The proposals for the GM Clean Air Plan which were consulted on between 8 October and 3 December 2020.

The Equality Impact Assessment (EqIA) to support the consultation process for the GM Clean Air Plan (GM CAP).

The Equality Impact Assessment (EqIA) to support the consultation process for the GM Clean Air Plan (GM CAP).

The proposed policy position at consultation for each of the proposed measures.

Describes the development of the base year transport model for use in the GM CAP assessment. The report describes the main features of the transport model and presents details of the base year model validation, including comparisons of modelled and observed traffic flows and journey times in the study area. Note that this report has not been updated from the OBC version.

Describes the transport modelling process for the GM CAP Project and presents baseline and scenario forecasts for the preferred option which will be taken forward for consultation. The report has been substantially updated to reflect the revised methodology for deriving behavioural responses to the measures, and now includes new appendices setting out the methodology applied in the Demand Sifting Tool and new Operational Cost Models for freight and taxi. Note that the sensitivity testing has not yet been updated from the OBC version and will be supplied to JAQU at a later date.

Appendix B to T4, provides a map showing boundaries used in the Options Appraisal modelling process for the GM CAP.

Sets out feedback received to date from JAQU on the air quality modelling process and supplies GM’s responses to that feedback

Provides the air quality results and discussion of the GM CAP options that have been assessed. Specifically, this document sets out the results of the proposed option for consultation. Note that the sensitivity testing has not yet been updated from the OBC version and will be supplied to JAQU at a later date.

Four deliberative workshops carried out by Systra in March 2019 with drivers and operators of taxis (hackney carriages and PHVs), coaches, HGVs and LGVs.

A quantitative survey of 800 small and micro businesses and sole traders who operated a van and a qualitative survey of 150 depth interviews with a subset of participants to the quantitative survey, carried out by AECOM in September/October 2019.

Sets out the process being undertaken to deliver the Data, Evidence and Modelling requirements in support of the FBC. It also describes the evidence to be supplied to JAQU and how this responds to the feedback received from JAQU and the Technical and Delivery Independent Review Panels (the T-IRP and D-IRP).

Provides information about further data collection and the development of tools planned as next steps, namely behavioural research of van drivers and other groups; the development of further Operational Cost Models for other vehicle types; on-street specialised goods vehicle surveys; and the analysis of evidence emerging from the Conversation and other bodies.

Commercially sensitive so not for publication. Describes the number of coaches operating in GM, the compliance status of those vehicles, and the business and usage patterns of those vehicles. This evidence, and that contained in Note 3, is being used to inform scheme design and to support the development of analytical tools and modelling assumptions.

Sets out evidence gathered from a number of sources offering an insight into the vehicle markets in question and how they might respond to the range of measures proposed in the GM CAP. These include Stated Preference surveys that have been carried out by other CAP authorities (Sheffield and Bradford) and shared with GM. NOTE: This note contains early work on revised behavioural response estimates which is superseded by later work – see Note 37 and Report T4 for the latest assumptions.

Sets out what behavioural response assumptions were applied at OBC for HGVs, the revised behavioural assumptions proposed for future analysis based on the HGV Operational Cost Model, and proposed next steps for analysis. NOTE: This note contains early work on revised behavioural response estimates which is superseded by later work – see Note 37 and Report T4 for the latest assumptions.

Sets out what behavioural response assumptions were applied at OBC for Hackney Cabs and PHVs, and consider a possible approach to updating these assumptions based on evidence derived from stated preference surveys carried out in Sheffield. It sets out proposed next steps for analysis, including the development of an Operational Cost Model for Taxis (Hackney Cabs and PHVs). NOTE: This note contains early work on revised behavioural response estimates which is superseded by later work – see Note 37 and Report T4 for the latest assumptions.

Describes analysis carried out by GM to assess the risks of implementing a CAZ C in 2021 without also implementing a two-year sunset period as was proposed in the OBC. The Note sets out analysis of vulnerability by sector, based on the proportion of the fleet that would be non-compliant in 2021 compared to 2023; analysis exploring the risk of market distortion and the potential impact on small businesses; and analysis of the likely availability (or lack of availability) of second-hand compliant vehicles.

Sets out GM’s approach to identifying and assessing sites where further measures may be required in order to achieve compliance in the shortest possible time. The Note presents the results of analysis carried out to assess real-world traffic conditions and to compare these to model outputs, and analysis of NOx source apportionment and any local conditions affecting concentrations, such as canyons, including checking how accurate the representation of such conditions is in the model itself. It also sets out an update on work carried out to identify possible local solutions.

'Implications of the EFT update for GM’ considers the implications of Emission Factor Toolkit (EFT) version 9.1a, released by JAQU at the end of May 2019. GM’s methodology for calculating traffic emissions applies emissions factors has been derived from DEFRA’s Emission Factor Toolkit (EFT) version 8.0, which was originally released in November 2017. Version 9.1a of the EFT contains fleet figures which have resulted from a recent Department for Transport (DfT) project to develop new passenger car fleet projections in light of emerging evidence regarding changes in consumer purchasing behaviour which show a shift away from diesel cars and towards petrol cars, alongside a slowing in overall new car sales.

Sets out the options appraisal process applied at OBC and presents further evidence explaining why it is not considered that a GM-wide CAZ D cannot bring forward compliance.

Describes the number of taxis and PHVs licensed and operating in GM and the compliance status of those vehicles. This evidence, and that contained in Note 18, is being used to inform scheme design and to support the development of analytical tools and modelling assumptions.

Describes the results of a sensitivity test carried out to understand the impact on compliance of a fully electric bus network across GM. This was carried out as a theoretical test at the request of JAQU.

Provides an updated position on the local exceedances project, acting as a follow-up paper to Note 14 which was supplied to JAQU in draft three weeks earlier.

Sets out the methodology that has been developed to test the impacts of a package of sustainable journeys interventions, and the results of those tests.

Describes the Demand Sifting Tool and acts as a manual for use, setting out the underlying assumptions and methodology within the Tool. This Note has been developed to meet the TIRP request for further detail on the operation of the Tools.

Presents the results of a series of tests of the updated Do Minimum scenario and of the full package of measures proposed for consultation for the GM CAP. Tests have been carried out for 2021, 2023 and 2025 and analysis has been carried out to estimate the forecast year of compliance, shown to be 2024 with the proposed package as per the Ministerial Direction. As such, this Note supersedes Note 16, which acted as an early test of a simplified CAZ-only scenario using an interim version of the updated tools.

Describes modelling that has been carried out to test the impact of different charge levels on behavioural responses (i.e.: whether drivers choose to upgrade or stay and pay) and NOx emissions.

Describes the sensitivity tests that have been carried out to assess the impacts of changes to the electric taxi assumptions on expected emissions and compliance with Air Quality Standards for NO₂.

Quantifies the number of electric vehicle (EV) chargers that will be required for hackney carriages and PHVs (referred to collectively as taxis) across GM.

Sets out the summary of the key vehicle volumetric information used in the project which is used to understand the behavioural responses for vehicle owners to the GM CAP.

Collates a summary of the package assumptions underpinning the modelling of the Option for Consultation as set out in other documents. For further detail, see the Data, Evidence and Modelling Consultation Summary Report; Technical Reports supporting the Option for Consultation; and Note 37.

An Executive Summary of the GM CAP Outline Business Case.

Sets out the behavioural responses expected from the proposals, and appraisal of the costs and benefits of each option.

Sets out the required procurement and commercial arrangements relating to the services and infrastructure to implement the GM CAP.

Provides a summary of the optioneering process undertaken in the development of the GM CAP.

Sets out the methodology for the economic appraisal supplied in the Economic Case.

Sets out the results of the economic modelling carried out for each option.

Provides maps supporting the Distributional Impacts Report

Provides a summary of each proposed measure, in terms of rationale, proposals, indicative cost and commercial/management route.

Sets out the programme structure for the next stage of work.

Sets out TfGM’s four lines of defence model for assurance.

Sets out the proposed approach to governance, communications and stakeholder engagement.

Provides an overview of the proposed approach to monitoring and evaluation.

Details the project-level risks that have been identified and assessed, with proposed mitigation.

A glossary of terms used in the GM CAP OBC.

Sets out feedback received prior to submission of the OBC from JAQU on the traffic and transport modelling process and supplies GM’s responses to that feedback at OBC.

Describes the approach taken to forecasting road traffic for the GM CAP at OBC. The report describes the development of the future year highway networks and trip matrices and sets out the assumptions on which the forecasts are made.

Appendix A to T4, presents Demand Sifting Tool methodology.

Appendix C to T4, presents sensitivity testing of the traffic and transport assumptions.

Sets out the air quality modelling methodology that is and will be used to underpin any air quality modelling for the baseline (2016, 2021, 2023 & 2025) scenario and for scenario forecasts for the options considered at OBC, including the preferred option.

Provides the full air quality modelling results including maps (please note this file is 350mb in size).

Summary of proposals to improve air quality as provided for the Summer 2019 Conversation

Report summarising the responses to the Summer 2019 conversation.

Questionnaire supplied to individuals (who were not representing a business or taxi owners) in the Summer 2019 Conversation.

Summary of coded results to open questions (ie: questions where you can write in your own response) in the Summer 2019 Conversation.

Sets out an initial assessment of the objectives; case for change; strategic policy context; opportunities, risks, dependences and success; and introduces the economic case. Superseded by OBC.

This document contains: Appendix A: Air Quality Summary Report, Appendix B: GM Strategic Policy Context, Appendix C: Risk Register